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NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA
University Village, Nnamdi Azikiwe Expressway, Plot 91, Cadastral Zone, Jabi, Abuja
Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Extension
PoP Exam Question October/November, 2019

Course Code: —- Leadership and Rural Development
Course Title: — ARD 511
Credit Unit: —-2
Total Score: —-70 Marks
Time Allowed: 2Hrs
Instruction: Answer compulsory question 1 (25 mks) and any three (3) questions (15 mks each)

Question One
a. Who is a leader? (3 mks)
b. What is leadership? 4 mks)
c. Examine four (4) roles of extension in leadership quality development (6 Marks)
d. Enumerate the various leadership styles as put forward by Robert House. (4.Marks)
e. State four importance of local leaders in rural development (4 mks)
f. Rural development can be challenging due to several factors. Discuss four (4) of the challenges (4 Mks)
Question Two
a. Explain four (4) basic elements of leadership relationships. (6 Marks)
b. Advance any four (4) types of leaders (4 mks)
c. Briefly explain any two of the types of leaders mentioned in 2b above (5 mks)
Question Three
a. Examine four (4) main characteristics of a leader (6 mks)
b. Discuss four (4) main attributes of effective leadership (6 mks)
c. Differentiate between a boss and a leader. (3 Marks
Question Four
a. Enumerate only, six (6) various types of group (6 mks)
b. Advance six (6) basic criteria of a group (3 mks)
c. Discuss four (4) the limitations of using local leaders in community development and provide solutions? (6 Marks)
Question Five
a. Highlight the stages of group development (3 mks)
b. Spell out six (6) characteristics of an effective group (6 mks)
c. State generally, any six (6) roles of leadership in groups (6 mks)
Question Six
a. Highlight four (4) needs for leadership in a community. (4.0 Marks)
b. What is a social system? (5 mks)
c. Suggest four (4) the consequences of social system without a leader (6 mks)